Mission & History

The Concussion & CTE Foundation (formerly the Concussion Legacy Foundation) was founded in 2007 as a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization by Chris Nowinski, PhD and Robert Cantu, MD. Nowinski met Dr. Cantu, a world-renowned concussion expert, while seeking treatment for the Post-Concussion Syndrome (PCS) he developed from a concussion suffered during his career as a professional wrestler with WWE. In one visit, Dr. Cantu changed everything Nowinski knew about concussions.

As both a college and professional athlete, Nowinski had never learned the signs and symptoms of a concussion. He didn’t know how to recognize or report them during his football career at Harvard University. He didn’t know the value of resting after a concussion, nor was he warned of the long-term effects from injury, or repetitive head impacts. Nowinski decided to bring the information Dr. Cantu taught him into the public eye and set a goal to change how concussions were understood and handled in sports.

Along the way, Nowinski and Dr. Cantu recognized the importance of the little-known neurodegenerative disease Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE), which was linked to head impacts, in exposing that concussions and repeated head impacts could have severe lifelong consequences. CTE was previously known as “punch drunk” syndrome because it was thought to only exist in boxers, but prior to 2005 there were only 45 cases ever diagnosed in the world’s literature.

After CTE was identified in two American football players, Nowinski recognized that building the world’s first CTE-focused brain bank and rapidly accelerating research on CTE would change the global conversation on concussions in sports. Nowinski soon launched the world’s first outreach program to the families of recently deceased athletes – and eventually Veterans and others – to facilitate brain donation for research. After proving the model by discovering former NFL player Andre Waters had CTE when he died by suicide in 2006 – which was covered in a front-page story in the New York Times – they began building a home for future research and advocacy by founding the Concussion & CTE Foundation (formerly the Concussion Legacy Foundation).

Today, the Concussion & CTE Foundation’s mission is to support athletes, veterans and all affected by concussions and CTE; achieve smarter sports and safer athletes through education and innovation; and to End CTE through prevention and research. In 2008, the foundation and the Boston University School of Medicine partnered, in collaboration with the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), to form the Boston University CTE Center and found the VA-BU-CLF (now UNITE) Brain Bank, which includes the largest CTE tissue repository in the world. The BU CTE Center is now part of the NIH-funded Boston University Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center (BUADRC). The Concussion & CTE Foundation has chapters in Canada and the United Kingdom, and has partnered with leading brain banks in Australia, Brazil, and New Zealand to study CTE as part of the Concussion & CTE Foundation Global Brain Bank.

The Concussion & CTE Foundation funds and supports concussion and CTE research worldwide while translating new research findings into education programs, policies, and initiatives to allow sports to be played more safely. By training coaches to talk to their teams about concussions, Team Up Against Concussions is teaching millions of youth athletes how to recognize and respond to concussions. The Concussion & CTE Foundation Media Project trains sports media professionals and sports journalism students how to cover concussions accurately and with confidence. Advocacy programs such as Flag Football Under 14 and Safer Soccer are changing the way sports are played to prevent concussions and CTE. Research programs like Project Enlist are serving as a catalyst for advancing our understanding of traumatic brain injury (TBI), Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and CTE and in military Veterans. The Concussion & CTE Foundation provides guidance, comfort, care, and resources to patients and caregivers of those suffering with concussion or suspected CTE symptoms through patient and family services programs like the Concussion & CTE Foundation HelpLine.

Drs. Cantu and Nowinski also advise numerous sports organizations, including the National Football League, NFL Players Association, the Ivy League, NOCSAE, and World Rugby, to create change from the top down. While the Concussion & CTE Foundation has had many successes since 2007, we won’t rest until sports are safer and effective treatments for concussions and CTE are developed.

The foundation’s work has been featured by the New York Times, 60 Minutes, USA Today, Sports Illustrated, ESPN, BBC, PBS, HBO Real Sports, NBC Nightly News, Good Morning America, and many other news and media outlets.

In late 2025, the Concussion Legacy Foundation rebranded to the Concussion & CTE Foundation, a change that reflected nearly two decades of effort to End CTE through patient and caregiver support, research advancements, and innovative education about concussions and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy.

As Nowinski noted when launching the new brand, “When we started the foundation 18 years ago,  we were trying to understand the legacy of concussions that happened in sports, military, and other walks of life. We had no idea how big CTE was. There were only 45 cases ever diagnosed in the world. We now know that CTE likely affects millions, and we need to be there for them. By adding CTE to our name, we’re letting people impacted by CTE know three things. First, we’re here to support you in your journey. Second, we’re going to continue to hit the consequences of this disease by letting everyone know about the dangers of repetitive head impacts and third, we’re going to continue the research that will develop effective treatments and hopefully a cure. For those battling concussions, we’re not going anywhere. We’re going to remain the leading source of support for anyone on their concussion journey and the leading voice for concussion prevention and care. Thank you for your support these past 18 years and we look forward to our future together.”